Background and Objective: Mankind always need to Ecosystem services and goods to survive, but there has been the problem of no market to valuation of this services and assume those being free. Ecosystem services valuation studies have considerably increased our knowledge of the value of Ecosystems. Ecosystem services valuation can be interpreted as asking about the value of the current flow of benefits provided by that Ecosystem, or about the value of future flows of benefits and also, be asking about the value of conserving that Ecosystem rather than converting it to some other use. Valuation is not a single activity, and the seemingly simple question ‘, how valuable is an Ecosystem? ’,Because Ecosystem services are not fully negotiable in commercial markets, or they are not quantifying so that comparable to financial services and productive investment and they often little importance in politics, there are need to methods for their valuation. Given that understanding the principal and proper use of valuation methods, can help to policy makers and planners in order to design appropriate and effective Sustainable development policies related to environmental problems. Materials and Methods: This study has studied the subject through literature review and applying internet databases, and is trying to answer to this important question, how Ecosystem services valuation affected environmental planning using to consider the concepts and methods of valuation of Ecosystem services. Results: Key concepts about Ecosystem services were stated and the different types of of Ecosystem goods and services values and their valuation approaches such as direct valuation approach and revealed preferences and expressed preferences and their shortcomings were introduced and investigeted. Discussion and Conclusions: Ecosystem economic valuation, provides useful information for planning, conservation and sustainable use of natural resources to planners and executives, social and economic managers by estimating the quantitative value of Ecosystem functions, goods and services.

This study is the first effort by Iranian scientists to provide insight to the many benefits and services that forest and rangelands offers to society, and the extent to which the human race is vitally dependent on them. Without a firm understanding of the value of these systems we are unlikely to make many of the hard choices and compromises needed to protect them. In this study the least marginal monetary value of eleven forests and rangelands Ecosystem services including gas regulation, plants genetic reverse diversity, pollination, soil formation, biological control, flood control, hydrological current control, water erosion control, wind erosion control, and ecotourism in fivefold vegetative regions of Khazar, Arasbaran, Zagros, Iran-toran and Khalij-e Omani (Oman gulf) with surface area of about 162155626 acres have been estimated at 427528 billion rials annually (47.9 billion dollars/year). This amount equals approximately 43% of GDP and four times of Iran’s agricultural added value in 2003. Taking into account the 1.73% share of the market services value of forests and rangelands in GDP, the significance of nonmarket services value of these resources in comparison to market goods will stand out obviously.

BACKROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Mangrove silvofishery, a unique system that combine aquaculture with mangrove forests, presents a promising sustainable solution for Indonesia's coastal communities. However, in order to achieve broad implementation, it is essential to bridge the existing knowledge gap concerning the economic and environmental benefits associated with it. The aim of this study was to assess the four primary services rendered by the Blanakan mangrove silvofishery area in Subang District, West Java: carbon sequestration, fisheries productivity, nature-based tourism, and bird sanctuary.METHODS: Carbon storage was calculated by conducting vegetation surveys and utilizing allometric equations, which took into account both aboveground and belowground biomass. During the vegetation survey, data regarding the types of mangrove plants and the diameter of each tree at breast height was gathered. To quantify fisheries production, interviews were conducted with area managers and pond farmers who are engaged in silvofishery practices within the region. The point-count method was used to inventory the diversity of bird species. The analysis of natural tourism services encompassed an examination of visitor statistics, the state of the mangroves as a popular tourist destination, and the range of tourist activities available.FINDINGS: The study revealed the high capacity of the mangrove stands at the study location for carbon storage, with an estimated 137.9 tonnes carbon per hectare aboveground and 79 tonnes carbon per hectare belowground. Local communities actively engage in silvofishery practices within the Blanakan mangroves, cultivating fish and shrimp, with an average annual income of around 1,513 United States dollar per hectare. 2. The natural beauty of the Blanakan mangrove area attracts tourists with its diverse Ecosystem and opportunities to see crocodile breeding facilities. Visitor numbers vary, averaging around 128 people per month until mid-2023. The Blanakan mangroves are home to a total of 23 bird species, contributing to a species diversity index of 2.1. Two species with significant conservation value were found: the critically endangered Javan Blue-banded Kingfisher (Alcedo euryzona) and the vulnerable Black-capped Kingfisher (Halcyon pileata).CONCLUSION: The results emphasize the importance of advancing and advocating for silvofishery as a primary alternative in Indonesia's mangrove conservation and rehabilitation initiatives, enhancing coastal environmental management. Community engagement is of utmost importance in the successful development of mangrove silvofishery, as it aims to tackle the issue of limited awareness and participation among the local community.

Cheetah is one of the endangered wildlife species in different countries around the world, including Iran, and has been included in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Today, Iran is the only place where Asiatic Cheetahs can be found, and the latest estimates indicate that only 30 to 40 Asiatic Cheetahs remain. The present study aimed to prioritize the Ecosystem functions and services for Asiatic Cheetahs in Iran from the perspectives of experts and professionals. After a literature review, based on the 2018 Common International Classification of Ecosystem services (CICES), among Provisioning, Cultural, and Regulation and Maintenance functions, the Cultural and Regulation and Maintenance functions and 14 services were extracted for Asiatic Cheetahs in Iran. Next, by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Delphi method, the priority of functions and services was investigated in two stages. The results showed that the most important functions and services were, respectively, as follows: Cultural (4.37), Regulation and Maintenance (4.32) functions, and services related to the Bequest value (4.95) of Asiatic Cheetahs; Existence value (4.93); Educational (4.58); Aesthetic (4.47); Entertainment (recreation and ecotourism) (4.44); Symbolic (4.40); Scientific (3.67), Cultural (3.55), Biodiversity (4.82); and Disease control (3.82). The necessary measures for preventing the extinction of Asiatic Cheetahs include the construction of wildlife corridors in habitats of Cheetahs, promoting participation of communities and non-governmental organizations in the sustainable management of Cheetah habitats, and designing coins with Cheetah to attract public attention and support.

Natural Ecosystems provide an array of critical but largely undervalued goods and services. Because these are seldom included in benefit-cost calculations of land use change, the value of wild land development nearly always appears greater than protecting wild nature. The following paper introduces a theoretical framework within which environmental economists evaluate Ecosystem services. This is followed an assessment of three types of Ecosystem services with particular relevance to the developing world pharmaceutical drug development from native plants, the economics of non-timber product extraction, and the benefits and costs of ecotourism as a development strategy. We conclude with an overview of recent attempts to provide a global estimate of the value of nature`s services.